Examinando por Autor "Audibert, Anelise"

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Acceso Abierto
A radio-jet driven outflow in the Seyfert 2 galaxy NGC 2110?
(EDP Sciences, 2023-05-10) Peralta de Arriba, L.; Alonso-Herrero, Almudena; García-Burillo, Santiago; García Bernete, Ismael; Villar Martín, Montserrat; García Lorenzo, Begoña; Davies, R. I.; Rosario, D.; Hönig, Sebastian; Levenson, Nancy A.; Packham, Christopher; Ramos Almeida, Cristina; Pereira Santaella, Miguel; Audibert, Anelise; Bellocchi, Enrica; Hicks, Erin K. S.; Labiano, Alvaro; Ricci, Claudio; Rigopoulou, Dimitra; European Commission (EC); Gobierno de Canarias; University of Oxford; Fondo Nacional de Desarrollo Científico y Tecnológico (FONDECYT); Ministerio de Ciencia e Innovación (MICINN); Science and Technology Facilities Council (STFC); Centros de Excelencia Severo Ochoa, CENTRO NACIONAL DE BIOTECNOLOGIA (CNB), SEV-2017-0712
We present a spatially-resolved study of the ionised gas in the central 2 kpc of the Seyfert 2 galaxy NGC 2110 and investigate the role of its moderate luminosity radio jet (kinetic radio power of $P_\mathrm{jet} = 2.3 \times 10^{43}\mathrm{erg\ s^{-1}}$). We use new optical integral-field observations taken with the MEGARA spectrograph at GTC. We fit the emission lines with a maximum of two Gaussian components, except at the AGN position where we used three. Aided by existing stellar kinematics, we use the observed velocity and velocity dispersion of the emission lines to classify the different kinematic components. The disc component is characterised by lines with $\sigma \sim 60-200\ \mathrm{km\ s^{-1}}$. The outflow component has typical values of $\sigma \sim 700\ \mathrm{km\ s^{-1}}$ and is confined to the central 400 pc, which is coincident with linear part of the radio jet detected in NGC 2110. At the AGN position, the [O III]$\lambda$5007 line shows high velocity components reaching at least $1000\ \mathrm{km\ s^{-1}}$. This and the high velocity dispersions indicate the presence of outflowing gas outside the galaxy plane. Spatially-resolved diagnostic diagrams reveal mostly LI(N)ER-like excitation in the outflow and some regions in the disc, which could be due to the presence of shocks. However, there is also Seyfert-like excitation beyond the bending of the radio jet, probably tracing the edge of the ionisation cone that intercepts with the disc of the galaxy. NGC 2110 follows well the observational trends between the outflow properties and the jet radio power found for a few nearby Seyfert galaxies. All these pieces of information suggest that part of observed ionised outflow in NGC 2110 might be driven by the radio jet. However, the radio jet was bent at radial distances of 200 pc (in projection) from the AGN, and beyond there, most of the gas in the galaxy disc is rotating.
Acceso Abierto
GATOS – XI. Excess dust heating in the narrow-line regions of nearby AGN revealed with JWST/MIRI
(Blackwell Publishing, 2026-01-26) Haidar, Houda; Rosario, David J.; García Bernete, Ismael; Alonso-Herrero, Almudena; Audibert, Anelise; Campbell, Steph; Harrison, Chris; Costa, Tiago; Hermosa Muñoz, Laura; Combes, Francoise; Rigopoulou, Dimitra; Ricci, Claudio; Ramos Almeida, Cristina; Bellocchi, Enrica; Boorman, Peter; Bunker, Andrew; Davies, Richard; Delaney, Daniel; Díaz Santos, Tanio; Esposito, Federico; Fawcett, Victoria; Gandhi, Poshak; García-Burillo, Santiago; González Martín, Omaira; Hicks, Erin K. S.; Hönig, Sebastian; Labiano, Alvaro; Levenson, Nancy A.; Lopez-Rodriguez, Enrique; Packham, Christopher; Pereira Santaella, Miguel; Riffel, Rogemar A.; Rodríguez Ardila, Alberto; Schneider, John; Thomas Shimizu, Taro; Stalevski, Marko ; Villar Martín, Montserrat; Ward, Martin J.; Zhang, Lulu; Leeds, Gillian; Donnan, Fergus; European Commission (EC); Comunidad de Madrid; Ministerio de Ciencia e Innovación (MICINN); Swiss National Science Foundation (SNSF); Fondo Nacional de Desarrollo Científico y Tecnológico (FONDECYT); Ministry of Education, Science and Technological Development of the Republic of Serbia; Agencia Estatal de Investigación (AEI); European Research Council (ERC); UK Research and Innovation (UKRI); Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico (CNPq); Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (CAPES); Foundation of Rio Grande do Sul State for Research Support (FAPERGS)
We present James Webb Space Telescope/Mid-Infrared Instrument imaging of eight nearby active galactic nuclei (AGN) from the GATOS (Galactic Activity, Torus, and Outflow Survey) survey to investigate the physical conditions of extended dust in their narrow-line regions (NLRs). In four galaxies (ESO 428–G14, NGC 4388, NGC 3081, and NGC 5728), we detect spatially resolved dust structures extending ∼100–200 pc along the NLR. In these systems, we find a strong link between the morphology of the dust, the radio ejecta, and the coronal [Sivi] emission, implying that dust carries imprints of the processes shaping the NLR. Using spatially resolved spectral energy distributions, we show that dust in the NLR has systematically steeper slopes than star-forming clumps. This dust emits at temperatures in the range $150 \text{-} 220\, \rm K$, at a distance of ∼150 pc from the nucleus. Using simple models, we show that, even under optimistic assumptions of grain size and AGN luminosity, the excess mid-infrared emission cannot be explained by AGN illumination alone. We interpret this excess heating as in situ. We show that shocks with velocities v ∼ 200 - 400 km s in dense gas can close this gap, and in some cases even account for the total observed emission. This, combined with multiple lines of evidence for shocks in these regions, supports a scenario in which shocks not only coexist with dust but may be playing a key role in heating it. Our findings reveal shocks may be an important and previously overlooked driver of extended dust emission in the central hundreds of parsecs in AGN.
Acceso Abierto
GATOS: Distinct Feedback Modes in AGN Central Regions Revealed by Spatially Resolved JWST Spectroscopy
(IOP Publishing, 2026-08-20) Zhang, Lulu; Packham, Christopher; Hicks, Erin K. S.; García Bernete, Ismael; Alonso-Herrero, Almudena; Davies, R. I.; Ward, Martin J.; Delaney, Daniel; Izumi, Takuma; Rigopoulou, Dimitra; Ramos Almeida, Cristina; González Martín, Omaira; Riffel, Rogemar A.; Ricci, Claudio; Villar Martín, Montserrat; Combes, Francoise; Pereira Santaella, Miguel; Hönig, Sebastian; Bunker, Andrew; Boorman, Peter; Bellocchi, Enrica; Levenson, Nancy A.; García-Burillo, Santiago; Donnan, Fergus; Audibert, Anelise; Fuller, Lindsay; Díaz Santos, Tanio; Rosario, David J.; Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado do Rio Grande do Sul (FAPERGS); Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico (CNPq); Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (CAPES); Agencia Estatal de Investigación (AEI); National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA); Space Telescope Science Institute (STScI); Comunidad de Madrid; European Commission (EC); Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México (UNAM)
This Letter presents JWST MIRI/Medium-Resolution Spectrometer (MRS) observations of the central r ≈ 40–240 pc regions of five active galactic nuclei (AGN) spanning a wide range of luminosities (log Lbol/erg s−1 ≈ 39.8–43.8). Combining multiphase diagnostics from polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs), molecular hydrogen (H2), and ionized gas at spatial scales of ∼4–24 pc, this study presents a spatially resolved investigation into the effects of the two distinct AGN feedback modes—radiative and kinetic—on the surrounding medium. The results indicate that these two feedback modes, associated with AGN irradiation and shock processing, respectively, collectively drive the relative suppression of PAH emission in the nuclear regions of the targets studied here. Moreover, the coexistence of these two AGN feedback modes, especially the shock processing associated with either jets or outflows, in the central regions of AGN naturally explains both the bimodal distribution of PAH band ratios observed in the targets studied here and the seemingly disparate results reported in the literature. Although based on a limited sample, these findings provide new insights into calibrating star formation rates from PAH emission in AGN and, more importantly, lay the groundwork for a practical framework to diagnose and quantify AGN feedback in the JWST era.
Acceso Abierto
Kinematic detection of dusty outflows from active galactic nuclei: Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon kinematics of type 2 quasars with JWST/MIRI spectroscopy
(EDP Sciences, 2026-08-05) Donnan, Fergus; Ramos Almeida, Cristina; González Martín, Omaira; Sandstrom, Karin; Audibert, Anelise; Bianchin, Marina; Pereira Santaella, Miguel; García Bernete, Ismael; Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México (UNAM); Agencia Estatal de Investigación (AEI); Comunidad de Madrid
Context. Active galactic nuclei (AGN) are thought to have dusty outflows, but unlike in the gas phase, it is challenging to measure the kinematics of dust. Aims. We present the detection and analysis of the kinematics of dust in five type 2 quasars at z ~ 0.1 from the Quasar Feedback (QSOFEED) sample observed with JWST/MIRI spectroscopy. Methods. We used principal component analysis tomography to produce velocity maps of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon (PAH) features, which are the smallest carbonaceous dust particles. We were then able to compare velocity maps of the PAHs with emission lines of ionised and molecular gas. Results. We produced velocity maps of the 11.3 μm PAH feature, which traces large and neutral PAHs, for three out of the five objects, where all three show an outflow in the PAH kinematics. This becomes particularly clear after we subtracted disk kinematics, where the H2 rotational transitions also show residuals consistent with an outflow. Compared to previous work with Seyfert galaxies, this work suggests that dusty outflows are more common at higher Eddington ratios, λEdd ≳ 0.1, in agreement with previous suggestions, although the sample size is small. We were unable to produce velocity maps for the 6.2 μm PAH, which traces ionised PAHs, potentially due to differences in the intrinsic profile and/or suppression of the feature in AGN, which was seen previously in Seyfert galaxies. This reflects studies of PAH band ratios where AGN outflows have more neutral PAHs. Conclusions. This work demonstrates that dusty outflows may be common, particularly at high Eddington ratios, and it therefore plays a key role in the evolution and life cycle of AGN.
Acceso Abierto
Molecular gas stratification and disturbed kinematics in the Seyfert galaxy MCG-05-23-16 revealed by JWST and ALMA
(EDP Sciences, 2025-01-15) Esparza Arredondo, Donaji; Ramos Almeida, Cristina; Audibert, Anelise; Pereira Santaella, Miguel; García Bernete, Ismael; García-Burillo, Santiago; Shimizu, Thomas Taro; Davies, Richard; Hermosa Muñoz, Laura; Alonso-Herrero, Almudena; Combes, Francoise; Speranza, G.; Zhang, Lulu; Campbell, Stephanie; Bellocchi, Enrica; Bunker, Andrew; Díaz Santos, T.; García Lorenzo, Begoña; González Martín, Omaira; Hicks, Erin K. S.; Labiano, Alvaro; Levenson, Nancy A.; Ricci, Claudio; Rosario, D.; Hönig, Sebastian; Packham, Christopher; Stalevski, Marko ; Fuller, Lindsay; Izumi, Takuma; López Rodríguez, Enrique, E.; Rigopoulou, Dimitra; Rouan, Daniel; Ward, Martin J.; European Research Council (ERC); Comunidad de Madrid; Agencia Estatal de Investigación (España); Fondo Nacional de Desarrollo Científico y Tecnológico (FONDECYT); Space Telescope Science Institute (US); Hellenic Foundation for Research and Innovation; Agencia Nacional de Investigación y Desarrollo (Chile)
Understanding the processes that drive the morphology and kinematics of molecular gas in galaxies is crucial for comprehending star formation and, ultimately, galaxy evolution. Using data from the Galactic Activity, Torus and Outflow Survey (GATOS) obtained with the James Webb Space Telescope (JWST) and the archival data from the Atacama Large Millimeter/submillimeter Array (ALMA), we study the behavior of the warm molecular gas at temperatures of hundreds of Kelvin and the cold molecular gas at tens of Kelvin in the galaxy MCG−05−23−16, which hosts an active galactic nucleus (AGN). Hubble Space Telescope (HST) images of this spheroidal galaxy, classified in the optical as S0, show a dust lane resembling a nuclear spiral and a surrounding ring. These features are also detected in CO(2−1) and H2, and their morphologies and kinematics are consistent with rotation plus local inward gas motions along the kinematic minor axis in the presence of a nuclear bar. The H2 transitions 0-0 S(3), 0-0 S(4), and 0-0 S(5), which trace warmer and more excited gas, show more disrupted kinematics than 0-0 S(1) and 0-0 S(2), including clumps of high velocity dispersion (of up to ∼160 km s−1), in regions devoid of CO(2−1). The kinematics of one of these clumps, located ∼350 pc westward of the nucleus, are consistent with outflowing gas, possibly driven by localized star formation traced by polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon emission at 11.3 μm. Overall, we observe a stratification of the molecular gas, with the colder gas located in the nuclear spiral, ring, and connecting arms, and most of the warmer gas with a higher velocity dispersion filling the inter-arm space. The compact jet, approximately 200 pc in size, detected with Very Large Array (VLA) observations, does not appear to significantly affect the distribution and kinematics of the molecular gas, possibly due to its limited intersection with the molecular gas disk.
Acceso Abierto
The Galaxy Activity, Torus, and Outflow Survey (GATOS) V. Unveiling PAH survival and resilience in the circumnuclear regions of AGNs with JWST
(EDP Sciences, 2024-09-09) García Bernete, Ismael; Rigopoulou, Dimitra; Donnan, Fergus; Alonso-Herrero, Almudena; Pereira Santaella, Miguel; Shimizu, Thomas Taro; Davies, Richard; Roche, P. F.; García-Burillo, Santiago; Labiano, Alvaro; Hermosa Muñoz, Laura; Zhang, Lulu; Audibert, Anelise; Bellocchi, Enrica; Bunker, Andrew; Combes, Francoise; Delaney, Daniel; Esparza Arredondo, Donaji; Gandhi, P.; González Martín, Omaira; Hönig, Sebastian; Imanishi, Masatoshi; Hicks, Erin K. S.; Fuller, Lindsay; Leist, Mason Tanner; Levenson, Nancy A.; López Rodríguez, Enrique; Packham, Christopher; Ramos Almeida, Cristina; Ricci, Claudio; Stalevski, Marko; Villar Martín, Montserrat; Ward, Martin J.; Science and Technology Facilities Council (STFC); Comunidad de Madrid; European Commission (EC); European Space Agency (ESA); Fondo Nacional de Desarrollo Científico y Tecnológico (FONDECYT); Ministerio de Ciencia e Innovación (MICINN); National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA); Space Telescope Science Institute (STScI); Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México (UNAM)
This study analyses JWST MIRI/MRS observations of the infrared (IR) polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon (PAH) bands in the nuclear (∼0.4″ at 11 μm; ∼75 pc) and circumnuclear regions (inner ∼kpc) of local active galactic nuclei (AGNs) from the Galactic Activity, Torus, and Outflow Survey (GATOS). We examine the PAH properties in the circumnuclear regions of AGNs and the projected direction of AGN-outflows and compare them to those in star-forming regions and the innermost regions of AGNs. This study employs 4.9–28.1 μm sub-arcsecond angular resolution data to investigate the properties of PAHs in three nearby sources (DL ∼ 30 − 40 Mpc). Our findings are aligned with previous JWST studies, demonstrating that the central regions of AGNs display a larger fraction of neutral PAH molecules (i.e. elevated 11.3/6.2 and 11.3/7.7 μm PAH ratios) in comparison to star-forming galaxies. We find that AGNs might affect not only the PAH population in the innermost region, but also in the extended regions up to ∼kpc scales. By comparing our observations to PAH diagnostic diagrams, we find that, in general, regions located in the projected direction of the AGN-outflow occupy similar positions on the PAH diagnostic diagrams as those of the innermost regions of AGNs. Star-forming regions that are not affected by the AGNs in these galaxies share the same part of the diagram as star-forming galaxies. We also examined the potential of the PAH-H2 diagram to disentangle AGN-versus-star-forming activity. Our results suggest that in Seyfert-like AGNs, the illumination and feedback from the AGN might affect the PAH population at nuclear and kpc scales, particularly with respect to the ionisation state of the PAH grains. However, PAH molecular sizes are rather similar. The carriers of the ionised PAH bands (6.2 and 7.7 μm) are less resilient than those of neutral PAH bands (11.3 μm), which might be particularly important for strongly AGN-host coupled systems. Therefore, caution must be applied when using PAH bands as star-formation rate indicators in these systems even at kpc scales, with the effects of the AGN being more important for ionised ones.