Persona: de Lucas Veguillas, Javier
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Instituto Nacional de Técnica Aeroespacial
El Instituto Nacional de Técnica Aeroespacial es el Organismo Público de Investigación (OPI) dependiente del Ministerio de Defensa. Además de realizar actividades de investigación científica y de desarrollo de sistemas y prototipos en su ámbito de conocimiento, presta servicios tecnológicos a empresas, universidades e instituciones.
El INTA está especializado en la investigación y el desarrollo tecnológico, de carácter dual, en los ámbitos de la Aeronáutica, Espacio, Hidrodinámica, Seguridad y Defensa.
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Javier
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Publicación Acceso Abierto Uncertainty in the Calibration Transfer of Solar Irradiance Scale: From Absolute Cavity Radiometers to Standard Pyrheliometers(Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute (MDPI), 2022-04-02) Balenzategui, José Lorenzo; Molero García, María; Silva, José Pedro; Fabero, Fernando; Cuenca, José; Mejuto, Eduardo; de Lucas Veguillas, JavierIn this work, the method for calculation of uncertainty of pyrheliometers’ responsivity during their outdoor calibration process in the laboratory is exposed. It is applied first for calibration of standard pyrheliometers by comparison to cavity radiometers, and after for calibration of an end-user pyrheliometer against that standard pyrheliometer. The dissemination of the WRR irradiance scale is illustrated in practice and the increasing uncertainty in the traceability chain is quantified. The way of getting traceability to both WRR scale and to SI units in the current situation, where the shift between these radiometric scales is pending to be solved, is also explained. However, the impact of this gap between scales seems to be more important for calibrations of reference Class A pyrheliometers than in the final determination of DNI irradiance, because in this case, the cumulative uncertainty is large enough as to not significantly be affected for the difference. The way to take into account different correction terms in the measurement model function, and how to compute the corresponding uncertainty, is explained too. The influence of temperature of some pyrheliometers during calibration process and the potential impact on the DNI irradiance calculated with these instruments is exemplified.Publicación Acceso Abierto Measurement, Validation and Uncertainty of an Experimental Procedure to Characterize the Size-of-Source Effect of Radiation Thermometers, in the Framework of an Industrial Calibration Laboratory(Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute (MDPI), 2022-10-28) de Lucas Veguillas, Javier; Instituto Nacional de Técnica Aeroespacial (INTA)An experimental procedure for characterizing the size-of-source effect (SSE) is proposed. Such an effect is the cause of one of the main influence variables generating uncertainty in the measurement, both in calibration and use, of direct reading radiation thermometers (RT). The procedure and uncertainty calculation described in the paper are aligned in terms of metrological traceability, with the requirements generally imposed to ensure the accuracy of measurements in industry and science. Results of application and validation of this particular procedure with equipment, including black body (BB) sources normally used in radiation thermometry calibration laboratories in the industrial field, are shown.Publicación Restringido Measurement and analysis of the temperature gradient of blackbody cavities, for use in radiation thermometry(Springer Link, 2018-03-24) de Lucas Veguillas, Javier; Segovia, José Juan; Instituto Nacional de Técnica Aeroespacial (INTA)Blackbody cavities are the standard radiation sources widely used in the fields of radiometry and radiation thermometry. Its effective emissivity and uncertainty depend to a large extent on the temperature gradient. An experimental procedure based on the radiometric method for measuring the gradient is followed. Results are applied to particular blackbody configurations where gradients can be thermometrically estimated by contact thermometers and where the relationship between both basic methods can be established. The proposed procedure may be applied to commercial blackbodies if they are modified allowing secondary contact temperature measurement. In addition, the established systematic may be incorporated as part of the actions for quality assurance in routine calibrations of radiation thermometers, by using the secondary contact temperature measurement for detecting departures from the real radiometrically obtained gradient and the effect on the uncertainty. On the other hand, a theoretical model is proposed to evaluate the effect of temperature variations on effective emissivity and associated uncertainty. This model is based on a gradient sample chosen following plausible criteria. The model is consistent with the Monte Carlo method for calculating the uncertainty of effective emissivity and complements others published in the literature where uncertainty is calculated taking into account only geometrical variables and intrinsic emissivity. The mathematical model and experimental procedure are applied and validated using a commercial type three-zone furnace, with a blackbody cavity modified to enable a secondary contact temperature measurement, in the range between 400 °C and 1000 °C.Publicación Restringido Practical Calibration of Platinum Resistance Thermometers in the Range −190 °C to 0 °C(Springer Link, 2011-10-22) de Lucas Veguillas, Javier; Benyon Puig, RobertThe results obtained in the characterization of a low-temperature comparator and its performance in relation to the calibration of metal and borosilicate sheathed standard platinum resistance thermometers (SPRTs) calibrated at the International Temperature Scale of 1990 (ITS-90) fixed points, are presented and discussed. The principal influence quantities are addressed and the estimation of measurement uncertainty supporting the calibration and measurement capability (CMC) accredited by Entidad Nacional de Acreditación (ENAC), the Spanish Accreditation Body, are presented and discussed.Publicación Restringido Characterization of absolute cavity radiometers for traceability to SI of solar irradiance(IOP Science Publishing, 2022-08-12) Balenzategui, José Lorenzo; de Lucas Veguillas, Javier; Cuenca, José; González Leiton, Ana María; Molero García, María; Fabero, Fernando; Silva, José Pedro; Mejuto, Eduardo; Muñoz, R.; Arce, A.; Instituto Nacional de Técnica Aeroespacial (INTA)Solar-type cavity radiometers are instruments of the highest metrological level for measuring solar direct normal irradiance. To ensure their traceability and performance, they are periodically compared to the World Group of Standards, which realizes the World Radiometric Reference (WRR), in the International Pyrheliometer Comparisons (IPCs). Additionally, they can be characterized in an absolute way, with direct traceability to SI units and with their measurement uncertainty calculated. This paper describes the different techniques and procedures applied for the characterization and calibration of solar cavity radiometers, with the main results obtained to date in the case of an Automatic Hickey–Frieden (AHF) radiometer. Voltmeters, resistors, temperature sensors and the area of the precision apertures have been calibrated, while the effective absorptance, temperature coefficients, optical scattering and non-equivalence factor have been evaluated. The temperature dependence of the electrical current in the cavity heater has also been analysed. The resulting corrections obtained for the AHF by characterization are compatible with the WRR factors obtained by this instrument in the past IPCs. An uncertainty of 0.42% (k = 1) has been obtained, and this paper discusses further improvements that may be able to reduce this figure to the desired expanded uncertainty of U = 0.1% (k = 2).Publicación Restringido Aperturas efectivas en calibración y comparación de termómetros de radiación(Federación de Asociaciones de Ingenieros Industriales de España, 2020-09-15) de Lucas Veguillas, Javier; Instituto Nacional de Técnica Aeroespacial (INTA)Los termómetros de radiación (TR) se calibran con cuerpos negros (CN) cuya apertura debe cubrir suficientemente el blanco nominal del termómetro. Debido a posibles imperfecciones en su sistema óptico, radiación proveniente de regiones exteriores al blanco puede llegar al detector. Es el efecto del tamaño de la fuente (ETF) y constituye una limitación importante en el uso de TR en aplicaciones especialmente en un entorno industrial y fuente entre otras de incertidumbre de medida.Publicación Restringido Geometrical and thermal optimization of cylinder-conical blackbody cavities to uniform radiance temperature profiles in the infrared(Elsevier, 2023-04-07) de Lucas Veguillas, Javier; Segovia, José Juan; Instituto Nacional de Técnica Aeroespacial (INTA)Large-area blackbody cylinder conical cavities are generally used as primary radiation sources for calibrating and characterizing radiation thermometers and quantitative thermal imagers in the infrared, both in metrology laboratories or for industrial applications. The radiation temperature of the emitted radiation depends on effective emissivity and surface (contact) temperature. The instrument’s field of view generally only covers the cavity bottom since this is where contact temperature is best measured. A non-uniform effective emissivity profile at the bottom poses a problem if instruments with a different field of view have to be calibrated with the same blackbody. Spatial uniformity depends principally on the cone angle and temperature gradient along the cavity. In this paper, we analyse blackbody optimization in terms of uniform radiance temperature profiles as a function on geometric parameters and temperature. For the isothermal case, we conclude that angles between 160° and 170° are the optimum, depending on intrinsic emissivity and length-to-diameter ratio of the cavity. For non-isothermal cavities, the effect of the temperature gradient on uniformity is relatively small, with only the temperature near the bottom proving significant. The use of multi-zone maintenance furnaces would allow temperature gradients to be designed that can improve uniformity in addition to geometric optimization.Publicación Restringido The Calibration of Data Loggers for the Characterization of Sterilization Autoclaves(Springer Link, 2011-10-16) Benyon Puig, Robert; de Lucas Veguillas, Javier; Elvira, Gregorio; Fuentes, H.An experimental setup established for the calibration of temperature and pressure data loggers for use in the characterization of autoclaves and steam sterilizers is described. The results obtained on two devices in the range of 25 °C to 125 °C at absolute pressures from 100 kPa to 375 kPa are presented and discussed in the context of the manufacturer’s specifications and their suitability for on-site characterization of the temperature and pressure conditions during the normal operational cycles. The recommendations on the calibration of these devices and the estimation of the contributions to the expanded uncertainty of measurement for the characterization of autoclaves are addressed.Publicación Acceso Abierto In-flight calibration of the MEDA-TIRS instrument onboard NASA's Mars2020 mission(Elsevier, 2024-11-09) Sebastián, E.; Martínez, Germán M.; Ramos, Miguel; Smith, Michael D.; Peinado, V.; Mora Sotomayor, L.; Lemmon, M. T.; Vicente Retortillo, Álvaro; de Lucas Veguillas, Javier; Ferrándiz, Ricardo; Rodríguez Manfredi, J. A.This article describes a novel procedure and algorithm used for the in-flight calibration of the Thermal Infrared Sensor (TIRS) onboard the Mars 2020 mission. The purpose is to recalibrate the responsivity of TIRS’ IR detectors as they degrade following surface operations and exposure to harsh environmental conditions. Using data from in-flight calibration campaigns conducted through sol 800 of this mission, we report the time evolution of the responsivity for the different IR detectors, as well as the final performance achieved by the algorithm in the real operating environment. Moreover, we analyzed changes in responsivity as a function of TIRS geometric design and environmental factors, e.g., detector orientation, direct exposure to prevailing winds and solar radiation, electrostatic properties of the detector filter, and atmospheric dust concentration. We concluded that dust deposition on the detectors' filter during landing, and later during operation is the most likely cause of the degradation observed in the various channels, with gravitational sedimentation and the capacity of the filters to accumulate electrostatic charge being key factors. The relative and absolute degradation of the TIRS is similar to those reported by other Martian missions and instruments with similar orientations, and to date, it has shown no signs of cleaning after more than a year on the surface of Mars. Accounting for changes in responsivity during the mission is critical to maintaining the reliability of TIRS measurements, which will later be made available in NASA's Planetary Data System for the benefit of the scientific community.Publicación Restringido A simple geometrical model for calculation of the effective emissivity in blackbody cylindrical cavities(Springer Link, 2015-10-15) de Lucas Veguillas, Javier; Instituto Nacional de Técnica Aeroespacial (INTA)A simple geometrical model for calculating the effective emissivity in blackbody cylindrical cavities has been developed. The back ray tracing technique and the Monte Carlo method have been employed, making use of a suitable set of coordinates and auxiliary planes. In these planes, the trajectories of individual photons in the successive reflections between the cavity points are followed in detail. The theoretical model is implemented by using simple numerical tools, programmed in Microsoft Visual Basic for Application and Excel. The algorithm is applied to isothermal and non-isothermal diffuse cylindrical cavities with a lid; however, the basic geometrical structure can be generalized to a cylindro-conical shape and specular reflection. Additionally, the numerical algorithm and the program source code can be used, with minor changes, for determining the distribution of the cavity points, where photon absorption takes place. This distribution could be applied to the study of the influence of thermal gradients on the effective emissivity profiles, for example. Validation is performed by analyzing the convergence of the Monte Carlo method as a function of the number of trials and by comparison with published results of different authors.
