Persona: Sor, Suthyvann
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Instituto Nacional de Técnica Aeroespacial
El Instituto Nacional de Técnica Aeroespacial es el Organismo Público de Investigación (OPI) dependiente del Ministerio de Defensa. Además de realizar actividades de investigación científica y de desarrollo de sistemas y prototipos en su ámbito de conocimiento, presta servicios tecnológicos a empresas, universidades e instituciones.
El INTA está especializado en la investigación y el desarrollo tecnológico, de carácter dual, en los ámbitos de la Aeronáutica, Espacio, Hidrodinámica, Seguridad y Defensa.
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Publicación Acceso Abierto Wind Tunnel Balance Measurements of Bioinspired Tails for a Fixed Wing MAV(Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute (MDPI), 2024-01-10) Rafael, Bardera Mora; Rodríguez Sevillano, A.; Barroso, Estela; Matías García, J. C.; Sor, Suthyvann; Instituto Nacional de Técnica Aeroespacial (INTA)"Bird tails play a significant role in aerodynamics and stability during flight. This paper investigates the use of bioinspired horizontal stabilizers for Micro Air Vehicles (MAVs) with Zimmerman wing-body geometry. Five configurations of bioinspired horizontal tabilizers are presented. Then, 3-component external balance force measurements of each horizontal stabilizer are performed in the wind tunnel. The Squared-Fan-Shaped Horizontal Stabilizer (HSF-tail) is selected as the optimal horizontal stabilizer that provides the highest aerodynamic efficiency during cruise flight while maintaining high longitudinal stability on the vehicle. The integration of the HSF-tail increases the aerodynamic efficiency by more than 6% up to a maximum of 17% compared to the other alternatives while maintaining the lowest aerodynamic drag value during the cruise phase. Furthermore, balancemeasurements to analyze the influence of the HSF-tail deflection on the aerodynamic coefficients are conducted, resulting in increased lift force and reduced aerodynamic drag with negative tail deflections. Lastly, the experimental data is validated with CFD-RANS steady simulations for low angles of attack, obtaining a relative difference on the measurement around 5% for the aerodynamic drag coefficient and around 10% for the lift coefficient during the cruise flight that demonstrates a high degree of accuracy in the aerodynamic coefficients obtained by external balance in the wind tunnel. This work represents a novel approach through the implementation of a horizontal tabilizer inspired by the structure of the tails of birds that is expected to yield significant advancements in both stability and aerodynamic efficiency, with the potential to revolutionize MAV technology."Publicación Acceso Abierto New droplet aero-breakup mechanism associated to unsteady flow loading(Elsevier, 2021-02-20) García-Magariño, Adelaida; Sor, Suthyvann; Velázquez, Ángel; Instituto Nacional de Técnica Aeroespacial (INTA); Ministerio de Economía y Competitividad (MINECO)Experimental testing on the unsteady aero-breakup of ethyl alcohol droplets was carried out at the rotating arm facility of INTA. The selection of the working fluid was driven by the need to explore wider ranges of the dimensionless parameters that govern the problem. A model airfoil was attached at the end of a 2.3 m long rotating arm driven by an electric motor. Droplets, whose diameter ranged from 500 mm to 1500 mm, were allow to fall in the path of the airfoil that attained velocities in the range between 30 m/s and 60 m/s. Droplets trajectories and breakup modes were recorded, and a new breakup mode was identified. Its sequence is as follows: 1) the droplet deforms as an oblate spheroid, 2) a bulge appears and grows on its flow facing surface, 3) the droplet thickens in the stream-wise direction; 4) the thickening in the rear part of the droplet develops in the shape of a cone, 5) the cone grows thinner until a finger like shape is formed. Additionally, based on a theoretical model developed by the authors, a comparison has been made between the deformation and breakup onset phases of ethyl-alcohol and water droplets up to the instant of breakup.Publicación Acceso Abierto Calibration of a 3-Component External Balance for MAVs Wind Tunnel Research(Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute (MDPI), 2024-12-02) Bardera, Rafael; Rodríguez Sevillano, A.; Barroso, Estela; Sor, Suthyvann; Matías García, J. C.; Sor, Suthyvann; Instituto Nacional de Técnica Aeroespacial (INTA)This paper presents a 3-component external balance, specifically designed, built, and calibrated at the National Institute for Aerospace Technology (INTA) for measuring aerodynamic forces on Micro Aerial Vehicles in the wind tunnel. The balance employs high-precision strain gauge cells as its load-sensing elements, strategically positioned in a metallic structure to measure lift force, aerodynamic drag force, and pitching moment. The entire calibration process of the balance, including the mathematical formulation to derive the calibration matrix and the calibration bench designed and manufactured for this purpose, is detailed in this paper. Moreover, the complete analysis of component interferences of the aerodynamic components and an assessment of the uncertainties inherent in the system are presented.Publicación Restringido Mars 2020 Wind Velocity Measurement Interferences at High Reynolds Numbers(Aerospace Research Central, 2019-12-29) García-Magariño, Adelaida; Sor, Suthyvann; Rafael, Bardera Mora; Muñoz, Javier; Instituto Nacional de Técnica Aeroespacial (INTA)The Mars Environmental Dynamics Analyzer will be dedicated to getting meteorological data from Mars during NASA’s Mars 2020 rover mission. High-quality Mars atmosphere measurements are required in order to build mathematical models of the climate on a planetary scale. The Mars 2020 rover will be equipped with two wind sensors installed on two separated booms working in active redundancy but producing a mutual aerodynamic interference on one another’s wind measurements. This paper presents a systematic study on the interferences produced by the sensors and the rover body itself when measuring wind velocities in order to get insight to assess the uncertainties produced by this effect.Publicación Acceso Abierto Interferometric laser imaging for droplet sizing method for long range measurements(Elsevier, 2021-01-15) García-Magariño, Adelaida; Sor, Suthyvann; Muñoz Campillejo, Javier; Rafael, Bardera Mora; Instituto Nacional de Técnica Aeroespacial (INTA)A recent appendix in the aircraft regulations comprises testing supercooled large droplets impinging on its surfaces. For those tests, the size and distributions of droplets need to be characterized in icing wind tunnels. In this paper, the applicability of implementation of the “Interferometric Laser Imaging for Droplet Sizing” technique inside a wind tunnel with a 3 m × 2 m open elliptical test section has been discussed. Experiments have been conducted in the laboratory for the discussion at object distance of 1.6 m and 2.29 m and droplets diameters between 360 µm and 850 µm. All the streams were previously characterized by means of the shadowgraph imaging technique. A novel approach of the Interferometric Laser Imaging for Droplet Sizing technique where droplets are not fully defocused to avoid excessive overlapping is presented. Two new image processing approaches provide in general good results as compared to previous methods.Publicación Restringido Droplet breakup criterion in airfoils leading edge vicinity(Aerospace Research Central, 2018-05-07) García-Magariño, Adelaida; Sor, Suthyvann; Velázquez, Ángel; Instituto Nacional de Técnica Aeroespacial (INTA); Ministerio de Economía y Competitividad (MINECO)A new breakup criterion is proposed in this paper for droplets subject to the flowfield generated by an incoming airfoil (that is, the criterion should be applied only to this type of aerodynamics flow). This criterion is based on the study of the characteristic times involved in the problem. These are the characteristic external flowfield variation time and the characteristic droplet deformation time. The criterion takes the shape of an empirical correlation that relates the Weber number at the onset of the breakup to the external flowfield and droplet characteristics. Experimental data on the droplet deformation and breakup tests conducted in a rotating arm facility are used to generate the data used to develop the correlation. Droplets, with diameters in the range of 0.3–3.6 mm, are allowed to fall in the path of an incoming airfoil attached to the end of a rotating arm. Airfoil velocities vary between 50 and 90 m∕s. The airfoil leading-edge radius varies from 0.030 to 0.103 m. Experiments are recorded with a high-speed camera using the shadowgraph illumination technique. The empirical breakup correlation applies to droplets that break in the bag and stamen mode. Some additional limited data on droplets that break in the bag and the shear mode are analyzed to see how they fit into the correlation.Publicación Restringido Mars 2020 Rover Influence on Wind Measurements at Low Reynolds Number(Aerospace Research Central, 2019-02-11) Rafael, Bardera Mora; García-Magariño, Adelaida; Sor, Suthyvann; Urdiales, María del Mar; Instituto Nacional de Técnica Aeroespacial (INTA)The Mars 2020 rover is the new vehicle dedicated to the Martian surface investigation. This vehicle will transport Mars Environmental Dynamic Analyzer, the new meteorological station, including two wind sensors installed in the camera mast. An experimental characterization was conducted to investigate the influence of the Mars 2020 rover in the Mars Environmental Dynamic Analyzer wind measurements at low Reynolds numbers. Wind tunnel experiments were conducted using a 1:45th scaled model in a wind tunnel specially designed for these experiments. The velocity was measured using laser Doppler anemometry. A method is proposed in this investigation to calculate a correction factor for the data measurements of wind sensors embarked on rovers dedicated to planetary exploration missions. In particular, the method was applied to wind measurements taken by Mars Environmental Dynamic Analyzer in the Mars 2020 rover using the laser Doppler anemometry measurements, and corrections up to 40% in the velocity magnitude and 23 deg in the deflection angle were found.Publicación Acceso Abierto Impacts of Saharan Dust Intrusions on Bacterial Communities of the Low Troposphere(Springer Nature Research Journals, 2020-04-22) González Toril, Elena; Osuna Esteban, Susana; Viúdez Moreiras, Daniel; Navarro Cid, Ivan; Díaz del Toro, Silvia; Sor, Suthyvann; Rafael, Bardera Mora; Sánchez, F. P.; De Diego Castilla, Graciela; Aguilera, Á.; Ministerio de Economía y Competitividad (MINECO); Agencia Estatal de Investigación (AEI); Sor, S. https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6972-8601We have analyzed the bacterial community of a large Saharan dust event in the Iberian Peninsula and, for the first time, we offer new insights regarding the bacterial distribution at different altitudes of the lower troposphere and the replacement of the microbial airborne structure as the dust event receeds. Samples from different open-air altitudes (surface, 100 m and 3 km), were obtained onboard the National Institute for Aerospace Technology (INTA) C-212 aircrafts. Samples were collected during dust and dust-free air masses as well two weeks after the dust event. Samples related in height or time scale seems to show more similar community composition patterns compared with unrelated samples. The most abundant bacterial species during the dust event, grouped in three different phyla: (a) Proteobacteria: Rhizobiales, Sphingomonadales, Rhodobacterales, (b) Actinobacteria: Geodermatophilaceae; (c) Firmicutes: Bacillaceae. Most of these taxa are well known for being extremely stress-resistant. After the dust intrusion, Rhizobium was the most abundant genus, (40–90% total sequences). Samples taken during the flights carried out 15 days after the dust event were much more similar to the dust event samples compared with the remaining samples. In this case, Brevundimonas, and Methylobacterium as well as Cupriavidus and Mesorizobium were the most abundant genera.Publicación Acceso Abierto Development and characterization of a low-cost wind tunnel balance for aerodynamic drag measurements(IOP Science Publishing, 2019-06-17) Sor, Suthyvann; Bardera, Rafael; García-Magariño, Adelaida; Matías García, J. C.; Donoso, Eduardo; Instituto Nacional de Técnica Aeroespacial (INTA)Drag force measurement is one of the most important data that can be obtained in wind tunnel tests. Drag force is directly related to the energy that a vehicle needs to move, and, therefore, to the fuel costs associated with it. For vehicles, drag forces are usually measured in wind tunnels. The typical instruments for drag measurement are the force balances, which are usually complex and expensive instruments. The aim of this investigation is to study the development of a low-cost in-house balance for drag measurements in a wind tunnel. Based on a commercial available load cell XFTC300 Series in combination with simple elements designed and manufactured at INTA, a balance capable of measuring the drag force to models in a considerably wide adjustable range has been developed and characterized. The balance has been calibrated and used in a wind tunnel. Tests were carried out on a truck model, a simplified frigate shape and an Ahmed Body to obtain the resistance coefficient and evaluate the operation of the balance.Publicación Acceso Abierto Droplet deformation and trajectory without interferences in the incoming airfoil shoulder region(Aerospace Research Central, 2020-05-22) García Magariño, A.; Sor, Suthyvann; Velázquez, Ángel; García-Magariño, Adelaida; Instituto Nacional de Técnica Aeroespacial (INTA); Ministerio de Economía y Competitividad (MINECO)A new experimental campaign has been conducted in the shoulder region of an incoming airfoil of chord 1050 mm, where droplets are separated enough to neglect interferences between them. Droplets of three sizes (500, 950, and 1250 μmof radius) were allowed to fall in the path of an incoming airfoil while shadowgraph images were recorded by a high-speed video camera at 40,000 fps. The airfoil model was placed at the end of a rotating arm and moved at four velocities (30, 40, 50, and 60 m∕s). Three different regions of the shoulder were tested. Droplet deformation and trajectories are presented. Droplets evolve as a conjunction of two half-oblate spheroids that tilt as the model approaches. The tilting is larger in the higher regions of the shoulder. The trajectory model derived for droplet in the stagnation line of a moving airfoil has been formally derived for the shoulder region and applied to the experimental data, showing very good agreement being the mean discrepancy less than 4% for the trajectory and 10% for the deformation.
