Singularity and mesh divergence of inviscid adjoint solutions at solid walls

Abstract

The mesh divergence problem occurring at subsonic and transonic speeds with the adjoint Euler equations is reviewed. By examining a recently derived analytic adjoint solution, it is shown that the explanation is that the adjoint solution is singular at the wall. The wall singularity is caused by the adjoint singularity at the trailing edge, but not in the way it was previously conjectured.